The Coalition for the Defence of Human Rights Living in Refugee Camps has documented a critical escalation in the treatment of Burundian refugees in Tanzania, where authorities have reportedly adopted measures that restrict humanitarian assistance based on refugees’ willingness to register for repatriation.
On Monday, April 13, 2026, Tanzanian authorities issued directives limiting the distribution of humanitarian aid exclusively to refugees who have agreed to return to Burundi. This measure has effectively excluded a significant number of refugees from accessing essential services, including food and basic support necessary for survival.
At the same time, the camps have been placed under strict control, with movement heavily restricted and access to resources significantly reduced. Reports indicate that the camp environment has become increasingly hostile, leaving many refugees isolated and without viable means to sustain themselves.
The situation is further aggravated by the widespread demolition of refugee shelters, which has left numerous families without adequate housing. These actions have intensified the vulnerability of already fragile populations, exposing them to harsh weather conditions and deteriorating living standards.
Particularly affected are families associated with former military personnel and political figures, who face heightened risks due to their perceived profiles. These groups are reportedly subjected to additional pressure, leaving them with limited options and increasing their exposure to potential harm.
Credible information also suggests the presence of Burundian intelligence agents operating in proximity to refugee camps, allegedly monitoring individuals considered opponents of the state. This has created a climate of fear, where refugees feel targeted and unsafe, even within what should be protected spaces.
These developments raise serious concerns regarding compliance with international refugee protection standards, particularly the principle of non-refoulement, which prohibits forcing individuals to return to a country where they may face persecution or serious harm.
In response, CDH VICAR calls on Tanzanian authorities to immediately restore unconditional humanitarian assistance, halt coercive practices, and ensure the protection of all refugees regardless of their repatriation status. The organization further urges the international community to intervene and uphold the rights, dignity, and safety of Burundian refugees.
